English (USA) Anatomical and histochemical findings of Andean tuber peels: Potential for their nutraceutical application

Cecilia Hebe Orphèe; María Inés  Mercado; Elena Cartagena

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2281

Autores

Cecilia Hebe Orphèe Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Tucumán, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7556-9558
María Inés Mercado Instituto de Morfología Vegetal, Área Botánica, Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-3377
Elena Cartagena Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT). Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria-INBIOFAL (CONICET-UNT). Tucumán, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8148-0282

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2281

Palavras-chave:

Oxalis tuberosa, Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena, Ullucus tuberosus, potencial nutracéutico, productos naturales

Resumo

The present study aimed to characterize the anatomical features and histochemical distribution of bioactive natural products in the peels of eight Andean tubers and to evaluate the potential of their extracts to promote the development of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus biofilm, providing evidence of their potential applications. A comparative anatomical and histochemical analysis was conducted on the peels of Ullucus tuberosus Caldas (Basellaceae), two varieties of Oxalis tuberosa Mol. (Oxalidaceae), and five varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena (Solanaceae) collected from traditional markets in the Argentine Puna. Additionally, aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts from the peels were tested for their ability to promote growth and biofilm formation of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14 (SD5212). The tuber peels exhibited a thick cuticle, single-layered epidermis and cortical amyliferous parenchyma. In O. tuberosa and U. tuberosus, the vascular system consisted of open, collateral bundles, while S. tuberosum subsp. andigena showed a modified amphiphloic stele with abundant storage parenchyma. Idioblasts containing pigmented compounds such as anthocyanins and carotenoids were associated with tuber coloration. Histochemical assays revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, triterpenes, and proteins stored in epidermal and subepidermal tissues. All extracts promoted dose-dependent biofilm formation of the probiotic bacterium. The results indicate that Andean tuber peels are a natural source of bioactive metabolites with known antioxidant action and potential for the optimal development of the probiotic bacterium L. acidophilus La-14 (SD5212) and the future design of sustainable nutraceutical formulations.

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