Comparison and characterization of mycelium-based composites (MBCs) produced by the fungus Trametes coccinea and softwoods and hardwood sawdust

Felipe Galleguillos; Allan  Bascuñán-Heredia; Cristian  Riquelme; Lulia  Latco; Sergio  Radic-Schilling

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2421

Autores/as

Felipe Galleguillos Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-6161
Allan Bascuñán-Heredia Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0459-2144
Cristian Riquelme Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1652-571X
Lulia Latco Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-7884
Sergio Radic-Schilling Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1812-9235

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2421

Palabras clave:

Compositos, materiales, micelio

Resumen

Existe una creciente demanda de materiales de origen biológico, particularmente aquellos producidos a partir de residuos orgánicos y hongos filamentosos, conocidos como compuestos basados en micelio (MBCs). Este estudio evaluó la producción de MBCs utilizando aserrín de Pinus radiata, Nothofagus obliqua y Fitzroya cupressoides en combinación con un hongo filamentoso identificado como Trametes coccinea en base a su región ITS del rDNA. La microestructura, composición química y las propiedades mecánicas y físicas fueron evaluadas mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), ensayos de resistencia a la compresión, pruebas estandarizadas de dureza y espectroscopía FTIR. Los resultados confirmaron la penetración del micelio en distintos niveles estructurales dentro de los sustratos. El MBC con mejor desempeño se obtuvo a partir de F. cupressoides, con una dureza Janka de 0.111 kN y una resistencia a la compresión de 0.271 MPa. T. coccinea mostró una mayor eficiencia en la degradación lignocelulítica en maderas blandas, probablemente asociada a su adaptabilidad enzimática y las características anatómicas del sustrato que favorecieron la colonización. Los biocompositos resultantes presentan propiedades comparables a materiales sintéticos y demuestran un alto potencial de escalamiento.

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