Morfoanatomía, palinología y caracterización de la secuencia ITS2 de Cuscuta grandiflora (Convolvulaceae)

Valeria de los Angeles Paez; Ana Ines Ruiz; Aldo Ruben Andrada; Nora Julieta Francisca Reyes; Maria Laura Espeche; Patricia Liliana Albornoz

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2394

Autores

Valeria de los Angeles Paez Instituto de Genética y Microbiología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-3890
Ana Ines Ruiz Instituto de Morfología Vegetal, Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-4582
Aldo Ruben Andrada Instituto de Genética y Microbiología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-1406
Nora Julieta Francisca Reyes Instituto de Taxonomía Fanerogámica y Palinología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-9901
Maria Laura Espeche nstituto de Taxonomía Fanerogámica y Palinología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-3128
Patricia Liliana Albornoz Investigadora independiente https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-1982

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2394

Palavras-chave:

Cabello de ángel, flor, morfoanatomía, tallo

Resumo

El género Cuscuta comprende plantas holoparásitas con una gran diversidad en Sudamérica, algunas de las cuales son malezas agrícolas importantes. Cuscuta grandiflora es nativa del Noroeste Argentino y ha sido escasamente caracterizada desde el punto de vista morfoanatómico, no así desde la filogenia molecular. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una descripción de su anatomía floral y vegetativa, la morfología poliníca y la caracterización de la estructura secundaria del marcador de ARN ribosómico ITS2. El material vegetal fue analizado mediante técnicas histológicas, palinológicas y moleculares estándar. C. grandiflora exhibe flores pentámeras, gamosépalas y gamopétalas con lóbulos marginales fimbriados. El perianto presenta epidermis unistrata, cutícula estriada, estomas, tricomas glandulares, mesofilo homogéneo y laticíferos articulados. Entre los caracteres florales se destacan un ovario con dos estilos cuyas epidermis son papilosas, estigmas con pelos glandulares y nectario anular, estructurado, con cutícula lisa y nectarostomas. Los tallos haustoriales poseen epidermis unistrata, estomas elevados y seis a nueve haces vasculares colaterales con canales secretores y la conexión haustorial es con xilema y floema. Los granos de polen son isopolares y radiosimétricos, con formas que varían desde esferoidales prolados hasta suboblatos y tetra a pentacolpados. La exina es microreticulada y heterobrocada con nanoespínulas. La secuencia ITS2 (212 pb) se pliega formando una estructura secundaria con cuatro hélices, aunque no todas se originan en el anillo central. Estos hallazgos establecen una base interdisciplinaria para futuras investigaciones taxonómicas y filogenéticas dentro del género.

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