Morfoanatomía, palinología y caracterización de la secuencia ITS2 de Cuscuta grandiflora (Convolvulaceae)

Valeria de los Angeles Paez; Ana Ines Ruiz; Aldo Ruben Andrada; Nora Julieta Francisca Reyes; Maria Laura Espeche; Patricia Liliana Albornoz

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2394

Authors

Valeria de los Angeles Paez Instituto de Genética y Microbiología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-3890
Ana Ines Ruiz Instituto de Morfología Vegetal, Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-4582
Aldo Ruben Andrada Instituto de Genética y Microbiología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-1406
Nora Julieta Francisca Reyes Instituto de Taxonomía Fanerogámica y Palinología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-9901
Maria Laura Espeche nstituto de Taxonomía Fanerogámica y Palinología. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Tucumán, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-3128
Patricia Liliana Albornoz Investigadora independiente https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-1982

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2394

Keywords:

Dodders, flower, morphoanatomy, stem

Abstract

The genus Cuscuta comprises holoparasitic plants with a high degree of diversity in South America, some of which are major agricultural weeds. Cuscuta grandiflora is native to northwestern Argentina and has been poorly characterized from a morphoanatomical perspective, though not from a molecular phylogenetic standpoint. The objective of this study is to provide a description of its floral and vegetative anatomy, pollen morphology, and the characterization of the secondary structure of the ITS2 ribosomal RNA marker. The plant material was analyzed using standard histological, palynological, and molecular techniques. C. grandiflora has pentamerous flowers, with gamosepals and gamopetals bearing fringed marginal lobes. The perianth has a unistratified epidermis, a striated cuticle, stomata, glandular trichomes, a homogeneous mesophyll, and articulated lactifers. Notable floral characteristics include an ovary with two styles whose epidermis is papillate, stigmas with glandular hairs, and a structured, annular nectary with a smooth cuticle and nectarostomes. The haustorial stems have a unistratified epidermis, elevated stomata, and six to nine collateral vascular bundles with secretory channels; the haustorial connection involves both xylem and phloem. The pollen grains are isopolar and radially symmetrical, with shapes ranging from prolate spheroidal to suboblate and with four to five colpates. The exine is microreticulated and heterobroched with nanospinules. The ITS2 sequence (212 bp) folds to form a secondary structure with four helices, although not all of them originate from the central ring. These findings establish an interdisciplinary foundation for future taxonomic and phylogenetic research within the genus.

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