Caracterización de la semilla y la plántula de Sinapis alba (Brassicaceae) y germinación en condiciones de estrés hídrico y salino

Selma Raquel Bossa; Patricia  Perissé; Claudia Vanina Arias

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2174

Authors

Selma Raquel Bossa Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (FCA) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0084-8829
Patricia Perissé Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (FCA) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7963-7957
Claudia Vanina Arias Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (FCA) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-030X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2174

Keywords:

Drought, mucilage, salinity, seed coat, seed integument, water entry, white mustard

Abstract

Sinapis alba L., commonly known as "white mustard" (Brassicaceae), is an important aromatic species cultivated commercially for its numerous uses. ‘Delfina INTA’ is the first Argentine recorded cultivar of S. alba. This study aimed to characterize the seed, seedling, and germination of the cv. Delfina INTA under water and salt stress conditions. Morphological and anatomical analyses were conducted using conventional techniques, including stereoscopic, optical, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Germination trials were carried out for 21 days. To simulate water stress, PEG 6000 was used as the osmolyte, and NaCl was employed for salt stress, both applied at water potentials equivalent to -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa. The final germination percentage (PFG), germination rate (Vg), and seedling characteristics were determined. The spherical seeds (2 mm), with a color of 10 YR 7/6, showed an irregular reticulate ornamentation pattern and microcracks around the hilum and micropyle. The seed coat exhibited an epidermis with mucilage, subepidermis, palisade layer, and aleurone layer. Initial water uptake was observed in the hilar and micropylar regions. Epigeal germination resulted in seedlings with a primary root and lateral roots, a hypocotyl with simple trichomes, and reniform cotyledons, green with purplish spots on the abaxial side. In the control, the PFG was 97.22% and the Vg was 70.97%/day. At equivalent water potentials, the decrease in PFG was greater under salinity than under drought at -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, and -1.0 MPa (24.91% vs. 1.51%; 38.28% vs. 19.76%; 53.71% vs. 33.55%; and 76.26% vs. 56.80%, respectively); and was lower in treatments at -1.2 MPa (84.57% vs. 89.71%). The Vg was higher under salinity compared to drought conditions. The generated information contributes to the description of S. alba cv. Delfina INTA and may be useful for evaluating its cultivation potential in environments affected by water or salt stress, as well as for breeding programs.

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