Estudio anatómico, histoquímico y composicional de un fruto nativo subutilizado: Salpichroa origanifolia (Solanaceae)

Erica  Mandón; Virginia Stähli; Silvia  López; Maria Victoria  Castelli; Maria Laura  Martinez; Maria Noel Campagna

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2366

Authors

Erica Mandón Área Biología Vegetal. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9161-422X
Virginia Stähli Área Biología Vegetal. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6377-4238
Silvia López Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1166
Maria Victoria Castelli Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8420-5622
Maria Laura Martinez Área Biología Vegetal. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4014-0959
Maria Noel Campagna Área Biología Vegetal. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Rosario. Santa Fé, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4754-5644

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2366

Keywords:

Fatty acids, huevito de gallo, non-conventional foods, Salpichroa origanifolia

Abstract

Salpichroa origanifolia (Lam.) Baill. is a climbing shrub belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to Argentina and widely distributed throughout the country. Although its fruit is an edible berry, it is not widely consumed, probably due to a lack of knowledge regarding its nutritional properties or concerns over potential toxicity. To promote its use as a food source, this study analyzed the histoanatomy of the fruit and its proximate composition (moisture, minerals, fibers, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids). Moreover, the fatty acid profile and the presence of specialized metabolites such as polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenes, and alkaloids were also determined, with emphasis on their localization within fruit tissues. Both fresh and paraffin-embedded fruits were examined using different histochemical staining techniques to determine specialized metabolites. The presence of lipids was demonstrated in the epicarp; flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids were localized in large, globose, thin-walled parenchymal cells forming the mesocarp, while polyphenols and starch were observed in the endocarp, placenta, and seeds. The fiber (4.6 g 100 g?¹) and carbohydrate (3.2 g 100 g?¹) contents were comparable to those reported for other widely consumed berries, and the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (80%) was remarkably higher than that of saturated ones (20%). This study highlights the nutritional potential of S. origanifolia fruits as a nutritious food for human consumption.

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