Anatomía de hoja, tallo y raíz de Halophytum ameghinoi (Halophytaceae), especie endémica de Argentina
Keywords:
Anatomy, halophyte, Halophytum ameghinoi, succulent plantAbstract
Fernandez, Romina D.; Omar Varela; Patricia L. Albornoz. 2016. “Anato- my of the leaf, stem and root of Halophytum ameghinoi (Halophytaceae), endemic species of Argentina”. Lilloa 53 (1). Halophytes plants have developed different salinity tolerance mech- anisms, which may involve changes morphoanatomical. This study describes the anatomy of the leaf, stem and root of Halophytum ameghinoi and discusses the anatomical features with adaptive potential value to saline soils. The study material comes from two sites in the prov- ince of La Rioja, Argentina (Los Colorados and Alpasinche). We worked with fresh material and fixed in FAA and we applied conventional histological techniques. Structurally, the leaf is subcircular, equilateral and amphistomatic; with stomata paracytic, anfibraquiparacytic, and have 3-5 subsidiary cells, also it has a central parenchyma aquifer whose cells produce mucilage. The stem shows different stages of growth. The primary growth has abundant cortical and medullary parenchyma and the vascular bundles are collateral; the stem with typical secondary growth has width phloematic radios and perivascular sclerenchyma; the same is observed in secondary growth roots. The leaf as the stem and root contains numer- ous crystals of calcium oxalate. The number of crystals in the cortical parenchyma of the stem is higher in the plats of Los Colorados in correspondence with the highest concentra- tion of salts in the soil. The development the aquifer parenchyma and the formation of calcium oxalate crystals would be the most obvious features that presents H. ameghinoi on the leaf in response to soil salinity. While in stem and root, in addition to the crystals, the presence of cylinder of perivascular sclerenchyma formed by fibers with lignified walls, also contribute to the tolerance of this species to environment saline.
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