Assessment of Vitellogenin Synthesis in Salvator merianae as a Biomarker of Exposure to Xenoestrogens in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Olga Luz Sánchez Loria; María Valeria García-Valdez; Marcela Beatriz Hernández

doi:10.30550/j.azl/1972

Autores/as

Olga Luz Sánchez Loria Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6669-4226
María Valeria García-Valdez Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-6830
Marcela Beatriz Hernández Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1279-1937

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/1972

Palabras clave:

Tegu blanco y negro, bioindicador, monitoreo ambiental, biología de la conservación, vitelogénesis

Resumen

La expansión agrícola y ganadera en Argentina ha incrementado significativamente el uso de plaguicidas, impactando adversamente la salud animal y humana. Estos compuestos químicos, actuando como xenoestrógenos, pueden perturbar la fisiología reproductiva de la fauna silvestre. En este contexto, la vitelogenina, una proteína hepática típicamente elevada en hembras ovíparas durante la reproducción, también puede ser inducida en machos y hembras inmaduras por exposición a xenoestrógenos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la producción de vitelogenina en respuesta a estrógenos exógenos en machos del lagarto Salvator merianae, especie con amplia distribución en Argentina. Se utilizaron 18 tegus adultos de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, distribuidos en tres grupos: machos tratados con 17 ?-estradiol, hembras en fase de vitelogénesis (control positivo), y machos sin tratamiento (control negativo). Los machos tratados recibieron dosis de 17 ?-estradiol cada tres días por dos semanas, y se tomaron muestras de sangre antes y durante el tratamiento para análisis mediante SDS-PAGE, espectrofotometría e inmunohistoquímica. Los resultados revelaron un incremento significativo en los niveles de triglicéridos y la síntesis de una lipoproteína de alto peso molecular en los machos tratados, patrón similar al observado en hembras durante la vitelogénesis y ausente en los controles negativos. Este estudio pionero demuestra la inducción de vitelogenina hepática en machos de Salvator merianae tratados con estradiol, destacando la utilidad potencial de esta especie como biomarcador de contaminación ambiental por xenoestrógenos.

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