Effect of fire on ectomycorrhizal communities associated with Nothofagus antarctica (Nothofagaceae) under field and nursery conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2138Keywords:
Experimental burn, native shrubland, ñire, symbiotic fungi, wildfiresAbstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) are essential for plants and ecosystems, especially after major disturbances such as wildfires. Fire is a natural disturbance associated with the dynamics of Andean-Patagonian forests and shrublands; however, its frequency and intensity are currently increasing. Studies on EcMF communities are typically conducted under either field or nursery conditions, even though a combination of both approaches is uncommon. In this study, we compared the effects of fire on colonization, abundance, taxonomic and functional diversity of the EcMF communities associated with Nothofagus antarctica (ñire) using two complementary approaches: 1) after a wildfire under natural field conditions and 2) after experimental burns in a nursery experiment. While colonization rates were negatively affected by fire only under field conditions, this disturbance also negatively impacted the richness, taxonomic diversity, and composition of EcMF communities in both field and nursery plants. Functional diversity (exploration types) was also affected by the fire, leading to a reduction in the occurrence and abundance of ectomorphotypes with greater structural complexity. Understanding the dynamics of soil EcMF communities dynamics is relevant because they can help ecosystem recovery after wildfires, which are expected to become more severe and frequent in the region.
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