75
Lilloa 55 (2): 7579, 7 de diciembre de 2018
A new species of Pluteus section Cel luloderma
(Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Southern Brazil
ä
Abstract Pluteus elvaniae is described as a new species belonging to Pluteus Section
Celluloderma from Southern Brazil. The species was collected from a seasonal semidecidouous
forest and it is morphologically characterized by brown pileus in fresh state, the pileus centre
is venose-rugulose in dry state, with a short or indistinctly striate margin, and dermatocystidia
with obtuse-rounded to obtuse apex and globose basidiospores.
Keywords: Agaricomycetes; Neotropical; Pluteaceae; taxonomy.
ä
Resumen Pluteus elvaniae se propone como una nueva especie de Pluteus Sección
Celluloderma para la región Sud de Brasil. La especie fue colectada en una floresta estacio-
nal y se caracteriza por el píleo castaño cuando es fresco, centro del píleo venoso-ruguloso
cuando está seco, margen cortamente o indistintamente estriada, y los dermatocistídeos con
el ápice redondeado-obtuso a obtuso y las basidiosporas globosas.
Palabras clave: Agaricomycetes; Neotrópico; Pluteaceae; taxonomía.
Wartchow, Felipe
Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, CEP 58051-970, João
Pessoa, PB, BRAZIL.
Corresponding author: fwartchow@yahoo.com.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4930-565X
ä Ref. bibliográfica: Wartchow, F. 2018. A new species of Pluteus section Celluloderma (Agaricales,
Basidiomycota) from Southern Brazil. Lilloa 55 (2): 75-79.
ä Recibido: 10/10/18 Aceptado: 09/11/18
ä URL de la revista: http://lilloa.lillo.org.ar
ä Algunos derechos reser vados. Esta obra está bajo una Licencia
Creative Commons Atribución No Comercial Sin Obra Derivada
4.0 Internacional.
D . O . I . : d o i . o r g / 1 0 . 3 0 5 5 0 / j . l i l / 2 0 1 8 . 5 5 . 2 / 7
Una nueva especie de Pluteus, seccn Celluloderma (Agaricales,
Basidiomycota) del sur de Brasil
INTRO D UCTION
Pluteus Fr. (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) is a
pink-spored agaric genus relatively diverse
in Brazil, on which at least 70 taxa are cur-
rently known (Putzke & Wartchow 2008,
Menolli, De Meijer, Capelari, 2015a). His-
torically, Pluteus section Celluloderma Fayod
comprises all species with a euhymenioderm
or epithelial pileipellis sometimes present-
ing dermatocystidia, and lacking hymenial
metuloids (see summary in Menolli & Cape-
lari, 2016). Into this section, the presence of
dermatocystidia was a characteristic of the
former Pluteus subsection Mixtini (Singer,
1986). However, recent molecular studies
showed that this subsection has not phylo-
genetic support (Justo et al., 2011).
Some species of section Celluloderma with
dermatocystidia were reported or described
from Brazil, as follow: Wartchow, Cortez,
Coelho (2004) cited P. thomsonii (Berk. &
Broome) Dennis from Rio Grande do Sul;
76
F. Wartchow: A new species of Pluteus section Celluloderma from Southern Brazil
Menolli & Capelari (2010) reported P. longis-
triatus (Peck) Peck from São Paulo; Menolli
et al. (2015a) referred P. anomocystidiatus
Menolli & de Meijer, P. chusqueae (E. Horak)
Menolli and P. eludens E.F. Malysheva, Minnis
& Justo from Paraná; and Menolli, Justo, Ca-
pelari (2015b) described P. brunneocrinitus
Menolli, Justo & Capelari from São Paulo, P.
crinitus Menolli & Capelari from Amazonas
and P. necopinatus Menolli & Capelari from
Rio de Janeiro.
Even so, I present in this report Pluteus
elvaniae sp. nov. collected in the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil.
MATERI A LS AND ME T HODS
Fungal material was collected in a ‘sea-
sonal semideciduous forest’, within the At-
lantic Forest Domain, and influenced by
anthropoid activities (Longhi et al., 2000).
Usual methodology on the study of agaric
fungi was followed (Singer, 1986). Presenta-
tion of basidiospore data follows the meth-
odology proposed by Tulloss, Ovrebo, Halling
(1992), slightly modified (Wartchow, 2012).
The holotype is deposited at JPB (Thiers,
2018; continuously updated).
RESULTS
Pluteus elvaniae Wartchow, sp. nov.
Figs. 1-2
MycoBank number.— MB 828426.
Type.— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: San-
ta Maria, Morro do Elefante, 15-IV-2002, F.
Wartchow 029 (JPB 63208, holotypus hic
designatus!).
Diagnosis.— The new species is charac-
terized by the combination of brown pileus
in fresh state, venose-rugulose pileus centre
in dried state, short or indistinctly sulcate
margin, globose basidiospores 5.5–7 × 5–7
µm, Q = 1.00–1.08 (–1.12), Q = 1.04, and
lageniform to broadly lageniform rounded-
obtuse to obtuse dermatocystidia 63–100 ×
17–40 µm.
Etymology. In honor to my mother,
Mrs. Elvani Wartchow, who helped me since
when I was undergraduate student in the
Biological Sciences in 1998.
P
ileus 20–24 mm, plano-convex to nar-
rowly convex, brown to slightly darker; sur-
face slightly viscid, glabrous, smooth when
fresh then rugulose/venose in dried state;
margin not striate but only slightly distinctly
very short sulcate but not showing the white
context; context thin, fleshy, becoming thin-
ner toward the margin. lamellae free, sub-
crowded, membranous, cream with concol-
orous edge; lamellulae present. stiPe 21–25
× 1–1.5 mm, central, cylindrical, recurved
with a small and indistinct submarginate
bulb, cream, smooth, glabrous, hollow. Spore
print not observed.
B
asidiosPores 5.5–7 × 5–7 µm (L = 6.4
µm, W = 6.1 µm, Q = 1.00–1.08 (–1.12), Q
= 1.04), globose to occasionally subglobose,
smooth, thick walled, with a large guttulate
content, stramineous. Basidia 23–35 × 7–9
µm, clavate, bearing four sterigmata. Pleuro-
cystidia 38–63 × 12–20 µm, fusoid-lageni-
form to sometimes fusoid-ventricose, with
obtuse tips only occasionally subcapitate,
scattered over all lateral surface, thin walled,
hyaline. Lamella edge sterile, with crowded
cheilocystidia. cheilocystidia 30–51 × 8–18
µm, fusoid-ventricose to lageniform some-
times narrower clavate or with a capitate
apex, thin walled, hyaline to pale brown
pigmented. PileiPellis an epithelium with
dimorphic hyphae; (1) sphaerocysts most
frequently pyriform or sphaeropedunculate
(some presenting a long pedicel) to some-
times ovoid 28–47 (–58) × 18–36 µm, with
brown pigment uniformly dissolved, and (2)
dermatocystidia 63–100 × 17–40 µm broad-
ly lageniform to lageniform, sometimes with
subcapitate apex, and subobtuse to obtuse,
not acute nor rounded, frequently with con-
densed brownish pigment, but sometimes
uniformly dissolved. caulocystidia up to 50
× 7 µm, hyphoid or very slender clavate,
hyaline, thin walled, occasional or occurring
in small tuffs of short elements arising from
context. stiPe context with longitudinally
oriented hyphae 2.5–10 µm, somewhat in-
flating to 20 µm wide, without a trace of
terminal inflated elements. hymenoPhoral
trama bilateral inverse. Clamp connections
absent from all tissues examined.
77
Lilloa 55 (2): 7579, 7 de diciembre de 2018
Habit.— Solitary on rotten wood in sub-
tropical forest.
Known distribution.— Only known from
type locality.
DISCU S SION
Pluteus elvaniae belongs to section Cel-
luloderma due the presence of epithelial
pileipellis mixed with frequent dermatocys-
Fig. 1. Pluteus elvaniae (holotype). A) Basidiome. B) Basidiospores. C) Basidia. D) Pleurocys-
tidia. E) Cheilocystidia. F) Pileipellis elements. Scales: A = 10 mm, B-F = 10 µm.
78
F. Wartchow: A new species of Pluteus section Celluloderma from Southern Brazil
tidia among them and absence of metuloids
(Singer, 1958, 1986; Menolli & Capelari,
2016). The subsection Mixtini in the sense
of Singer (1958, 1986) cannot be consid-
ered due it is not phylogenetically supported
(Justo et al., 2011). But according to Singer’s
(1958) key, the new species can be includ-
ed together with taxa of the putative stirps
Venosus, that are characterized by the ve-
nose/rugulose pileus centre in dried state,
short or indistinctly sulcate margin and the
rounded-obtuse to obtuse (in this case) der-
matocystidia (Singer, 1958, 1986). Among
members included in this group, two species
reported by Singer (1986) can be segregate,
as follow:
Pluteus subminutus Singer from forests of
Argentina and Bolivia differs in the smaller
basidiospores 3.7–5.7 × 3.75.5 µm, the
ventricose-vesiculose to vesiculose pleuro-
cystidia, and pileipellis bearing cystidioid
mostly elongate to short and broad bodies
which is account by long pedicel (Singer,
1958).
Pluteus agriensis Singer from Ecuador
differs in the smaller basidiospores 4.55
× 4.4–4.8 µm, smaller and narrower der-
matocystidia 27–37 × 9.3–15 µm, ampulla-
ceous pleurocystidia and smaller (15–18 ×
3–15 µm) sphaerocysts on pileipellis (Singer,
1978).
Later, Pradeep & Vrinda (2006) described
P. delicatulus C.K. Predeep & Vrinda from In-
dia, which differs in the smaller pileus 7–10
mm, clavate to vesiculose pleurocystidia,
relatively narrow and longer dermatocys-
tidia 46.5–147 × 15–27 µm with a long neck
and obtuse to subacute apices, and slightly
smaller basidiospores (4.5–) 5.5–6 × (4.5–)
5.3–5 µm.
The type species of this putative stirps, P.
venosus Singer from Florida, USA, was pro-
tologued with transparently striate pileus
margin (smooth in dried state), fuscous cys-
tidioid hairs in the lower stipe surface, ve-
siculose cystidia, and relatively narrow der-
matocystidia 51–68 × 10.8–16 µm (Singer,
1956, 1958). However, Minnis & Sundberg
(2010) did not find any trace of elongate
dermatocystidia, synonymizing this species
with Pluteus jamaicensis Murrill. Even so, I
do not consider P. venosus as similar species
Fig. 2. Pluteus elvaniae (holotype). Basidiome with the rugulose/venose pileus surface. Scale:
10 mm.
79
Lilloa 55 (2): 7579, 7 de diciembre de 2018
since differences in the pileipelis occurs be-
tween this species and P. elvaniae.
Other Brazilian species of Pluteus sec-
tion Celluloderma bearing dermatocystidia
are known: P. anomocystidiatus differs in
the clavate to spheropedunculate pleuro-
cystidia and filiform cheilocystida; P. brun-
neocrinitus in the brown fibrils on stipe and
smaller basidiospores 4.5–5.5 × 4.5(–5.0)
µm; P. chusqueae in the scarce pleurocystidia
and narrowly fusiform or narrowly clavate
to filiform dermatocystidioid elements; P.
crinitus in the presence of long tuffs hairs
on pileus surface; P. eludens in the pigmented
cheilocystidia given a dark brown lamella-
edge; P. longistriatus in the deeply deeply
sulcate-striate over at least one-half the
radius pileus and the elongate-fusiform or
elongate-clavate dermatocystidia; P. necopi-
natus in the globose basidiospores 5.0–5.5
× 5.0–5.5 µm and fusiform more acute der-
matocystidia; and P. thomsonii in the pres-
ence of rostrate cystidia (Wartchow et al.,
2004; Menolli & Capelari, 2010; Menolli et
al., 2015a, 2015b).
ACKNO W LEDGEME N TS
I thank Dr. Jean C. Budke for accompa-
nying the trip collections and CNPq for pro-
viding the ‘Produtividade em Pesquisa’ grant
(Proc. 307947/2017-3) and supporting the
Project ‘Fungos agaricoides em áreas de Mata
Atlântica e Caatinga no Estado da Paraíba’
(Edital Universal Proc. 420.448/2016-0).
REFER E NCES
Justo, A., Vizzini, A., Minnis, A. M., Menolli
Jr., N., Capelari, M., Rodriguez, O.,
Malysheva, E., Contu, M., Ghignone, S.
& Hibbett, D. S. (2011). Phylogeny of
the Pluteaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomy-
cota): taxonomy and character evolution.
Fungal Biology 115: 1-20.
Longhi, S. J., Machado, M. A., Brucker, M.
K., Hoppe, J. M., Müller, I. & Borsoi,
G. A. (2000). Aspectos fitossociológi-
cos de fragmento de floresta estacional
decidual, Santa Maria, RS. Ciência Flo-
restal 10: 59-74.
Menolli Jr., N. & Capelari, M. (2010). Notes
on Pluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) from
Brazil including two new species and a
new record. Mycologia 102: 697-707.
Menolli Jr., N. & Capelari, M. (2016). Pluteus
sect. Celluloderma (Pluteaceae, Agarica-
les) in Brazil: additional morphological
studies and an annotated checklist of
all named taxa. Iheringia Série Botânica
71: 319-330.
Menolli Jr., N., de Meijer, A. A. R. & Ca-
pelari, M. (2015a). The genus Pluteus
(Pluteaceae, Agaricales) from the state
of Paraná, Brazil. Nova Hedwigia 100:
101-157.
Menolli Jr., N., Justo, A. & Capelari, M.
(2015b). Phylogeny of Pluteus section
Celluloderma including eight new spe-
cies from Brazil. Mycologia 107: 1205-
1220.
Minnis, A. M. & Sundberg, W. J. (2010). Plu-
teus section Celluloderma in the U.S.A.
North American Fungi 5: 1-107.
Pradeep, C. K. & Vrinda, K. B. (2006). New
and noteworthty species of Pluteus (Plu-
teaceae, Agaricales) from Kerala state,
India. Persoonia 19: 95-99.
Putzke, J. & Wartchow, F. (2008). Lista de
species de Pluteaceae (Agaricales) que
ocorrem no Brasil. Biociências 16: 110-
113.
Singer, R. (1956). Contributions toward a
monograph of the genus Pluteus. Trans-
action of the British Mycological Society
39: 145-232.
Singer, R. (1958). Mo nographs of South
Americ an Basidiomy cetes, e specially
those of the east slope of the Andes
and Brazil. I. The genus Pluteus in South
America. Lloydia 21: 195-299.
Singer, R. (1978). Interesting and new spe-
cies of Basidiomycetes from Ecuador II.
Nova Hedwigia 29: 1-98.
Singer, R. (1986). The Agaricales in Modern
Taxonomy. 4
th
ed. Koenigstein, Germany:
Koeltz Scientifc Books.
Thiers, B. (2018). Index Herbariorum: a glob-
al directory of public herbal and The as-
sociated staff. New York Botanical Gar-
dens Virtual Herbarium. Retrieved from
http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih
Tulloss, R. E., Ovrebo, C. L. & Halling, R. E.
(1992). Studies on Amanita (Amanita-
ceae) from Andean Colombia. Memoirs
of the New York Botanical Garden 66:
1-46.
Wartchow, F. (2012). Clavulina incrustata, a
new species from Pernambuco, Brazil.
Cryptogamie, Mycologie 33: 105-113.
War tchow, F., Cortez, V. G. & Coelho, G.
(2004). Pluteus thomsonii (Pluteaceae):
a northern agaric found in South Amer-
ica. Mycotaxon 89: 349-353.